Employment & Labour Law
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Employment law is the state and federal laws that protect worker rights, prevent discrimination, and promote safe work environments.
employment and labor laws in Nepal are primarily governed by the Labor Act, which was enacted in 2017. These laws establish the rights and obligations of employers and employees, and they cover various aspects of the employment relationship. Please note that legal information can change, and it's advisable to consult with legal professionals or refer to updated legal sources for the most current information. Here are key aspects of employment and labor law in Nepal:
Labor Act, 2017:The Labor Act is the main legislation governing employment and labor relations in Nepal. It provides a comprehensive framework for various employment-related matters, including terms and conditions of employment, working hours, wages, and dispute resolution.
Employment Contracts:Employment contracts are a fundamental aspect of the employment relationship. The Labor Act requires employers to provide written contracts to employees specifying essential terms and conditions of employment.
Working Hours and Overtime:The law stipulates standard working hours and conditions for overtime work. Overtime pay rates are established for work performed beyond regular working hours.
Wages and Benefits:The Labor Act sets out provisions related to wages, bonuses, and benefits. Employers are required to provide employees with certain benefits and allowances in addition to their wages.
Leave Entitlements:The law outlines various types of leaves, including annual leave, sick leave, maternity leave, and public holidays. Employees are entitled to specific periods of leave with pay.
Child Labor and Forced Labor:The Labor Act prohibits child labor and forced labor. It establishes age limits for employment and safeguards against exploitative practices.
Health and Safety:Employers are required to provide a safe and healthy working environment. The law outlines safety measures, the handling of hazardous materials, and the provision of necessary protective equipment.
Termination and Severance:The Labor Act regulates the termination of employment, including notice periods and severance pay. Employers must follow specified procedures when terminating employees.
Collective Bargaining and Trade Unions:The law recognizes the right of employees to form and join trade unions. It also provides for collective bargaining and outlines the procedures for the registration and operation of trade unions.
Industrial Relations:The Labor Act addresses industrial relations, including procedures for the settlement of industrial disputes, strikes, and lockouts. The law establishes a Labor Relations Committee for dispute resolution.
Social Security:Social security provisions are included in the Labor Act, covering areas such as provident funds, gratuities, and other social security benefits for employees.
Foreign Employment:Provisions related to foreign employment are included in the Labor Act. The law establishes requirements for obtaining approval for foreign employment and sets conditions to protect the rights of Nepali workers abroad.
Discrimination and Equal Opportunity:The law prohibits discrimination in employment based on gender, religion, race, ethnicity, disability, or other factors. It promotes equal opportunities for all employees.
Employment of Women:Specific provisions are in place to protect the rights of female workers, including regulations related to maternity leave and workplace accommodations for pregnant and nursing women.
It's important for employers and employees in Nepal to be aware of the provisions outlined in the Labor Act and related regulations.